Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons, making them unstable. They form as natural byproducts of metabolism or due to external factors like UV radiation, pollution, and unhealthy diets. Lacking a paired electron, free radicals seek stability by stealing electrons from other molecules in the body, causing a chain reaction known as oxidative stress, which can harm the body in multiple ways. It damages cellular structures, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. This damage, if not adequately repaired, can lead to mutations, inflammation, and disruptions in normal cellular functions. Over time, oxidative stress is associated with aging and is implicated in various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions. The body’s natural defense system, including antioxidants, helps neutralize free radicals, but an imbalance in this process can contribute to health issues and accelerate the aging process.
